6.0.0. LINEAR MOMENTUM
Impulse, I:
Impulse is also called blow. It is usually associated with collision. It is a large changing force that act for a short time. When an object collide with another object, each of the receive an impulse or a blow.
Impulse can also be define as the product of the average force acting on a particle and the time during which the force act on the particle. The unit of impulse is Newton meter ( Km ).
Formula Of Impulse:
The formula for calculating impulse is as state below.
Impusle = force * time
I = F * t
Worked Examples:
1. Calculate the impulse of a force of 240 N that act on 12 kg mass for 52½minutes.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 12kg, force = 240 , time = 52½ minutes = 105/2 minutes
Time = 105/2 * 60 seconds = 105 * 30 = 3150 seconds
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: impulse = 240 * 3150 = 756000 Nm
2. If a force of 25 N act on 5.25 kg mass and the impulse is 24.54Nm. Calculate the time for which the force act on the object.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 5.25 kg, force = 25N, impulse = 24.54Nm
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: 24.54 = 25 * time
Make time the subject: time = 24.54 / 25
Time = 0.981 second
3. The impulse of a force is 238 Nm. If the force act for 1235 seconds, calculate the magnitude of the force.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Impulse = 238 Nm, time = 1235 seconds, force = ?
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: 238 = force * 1235
Make force the subject: force = 238 / 1235
. force = 0.192 Newton
Momentum Of Moving Object:
When an object is in motion, certain amount of force follow the moving object from behind. In the event of sudden stoppage of the motion of the object, the force ( momentum ) which follows the moving object from behind causes the object to tumble. The extend of tumbling depends on the amount of force
( momentum) that follows the object from .
Momentum:
Momentum can be defined as the product of the mass of the object and its velocity. The unit of momentum is kilogram meter per second ( kgm/s ). It is a vector quantity. The symbol that is used to represent momentum is P.
Formula Of Momentum:
The formula for calculating momentum is as stated below:
Momentum = mass of object * its velocity
P = m * v
Worked Examples:
1. A car of mass 125 g moves with a velocity of 25m/s. Calculate the momentum of the car.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 125 g = 125 / 1000 = 0.125 kg, velocity = 25 m/s, momentum = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: momentum = 0.125 * 25
Momentum = 3.125Nm
2. Given that the momentum of a train is 234 Nm, calculate the mass of the if its velocity is 15.2 m/s.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Momentum = 234 Nm, velocity = 15.2 m/, mass = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: 234. = mass * 15.2
Make mass the subject: mass = 234 / 15.2
Mass = 15.39 kg
3. A train of mass 0.54kg moves with a velocity V. If the momentum of the train is 215Nm, calculate the velocity of the train.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 0.45 kg, momentum = 215Nm, velocity = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: 215 = 0.45 * velocity
Make velocity the subject: velocity = 215 / 0.45
. velocity = 477.7 m/s
Impulse, I:
Impulse is also called blow. It is usually associated with collision. It is a large changing force that act for a short time. When an object collide with another object, each of the receive an impulse or a blow.
Impulse can also be define as the product of the average force acting on a particle and the time during which the force act on the particle. The unit of impulse is Newton meter ( Km ).
Formula Of Impulse:
The formula for calculating impulse is as state below.
Impusle = force * time
I = F * t
Worked Examples:
1. Calculate the impulse of a force of 240 N that act on 12 kg mass for 52½minutes.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 12kg, force = 240 , time = 52½ minutes = 105/2 minutes
Time = 105/2 * 60 seconds = 105 * 30 = 3150 seconds
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: impulse = 240 * 3150 = 756000 Nm
2. If a force of 25 N act on 5.25 kg mass and the impulse is 24.54Nm. Calculate the time for which the force act on the object.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 5.25 kg, force = 25N, impulse = 24.54Nm
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: 24.54 = 25 * time
Make time the subject: time = 24.54 / 25
Time = 0.981 second
3. The impulse of a force is 238 Nm. If the force act for 1235 seconds, calculate the magnitude of the force.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Impulse = 238 Nm, time = 1235 seconds, force = ?
Formula: impulse = force * time
Substitution: 238 = force * 1235
Make force the subject: force = 238 / 1235
. force = 0.192 Newton
Momentum Of Moving Object:
When an object is in motion, certain amount of force follow the moving object from behind. In the event of sudden stoppage of the motion of the object, the force ( momentum ) which follows the moving object from behind causes the object to tumble. The extend of tumbling depends on the amount of force
( momentum) that follows the object from .
Momentum:
Momentum can be defined as the product of the mass of the object and its velocity. The unit of momentum is kilogram meter per second ( kgm/s ). It is a vector quantity. The symbol that is used to represent momentum is P.
Formula Of Momentum:
The formula for calculating momentum is as stated below:
Momentum = mass of object * its velocity
P = m * v
Worked Examples:
1. A car of mass 125 g moves with a velocity of 25m/s. Calculate the momentum of the car.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 125 g = 125 / 1000 = 0.125 kg, velocity = 25 m/s, momentum = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: momentum = 0.125 * 25
Momentum = 3.125Nm
2. Given that the momentum of a train is 234 Nm, calculate the mass of the if its velocity is 15.2 m/s.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Momentum = 234 Nm, velocity = 15.2 m/, mass = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: 234. = mass * 15.2
Make mass the subject: mass = 234 / 15.2
Mass = 15.39 kg
3. A train of mass 0.54kg moves with a velocity V. If the momentum of the train is 215Nm, calculate the velocity of the train.
Solution:
Data given in the question:
Mass = 0.45 kg, momentum = 215Nm, velocity = ?
Formula: momentum = mass * velocity
Substitution: 215 = 0.45 * velocity
Make velocity the subject: velocity = 215 / 0.45
. velocity = 477.7 m/s
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