6.0.0. SMALLER NUMBERS AND LARGER NUMBERS:

6.0.0.  SMALLER NUMBERS AND LARGER NUMBERS:
In physics, we deal with smaller numbers and larger numbers. It is there superlative that you get a good understanding of smaller numbers and larger numbers.

SMALL NUMBERS:
Small numbers are numbers that are less than one. Prefixes are attached to the base words to indicate the value of the numbers.
Number.              Standard form           Name                   Prefix.         Symbol
   0.1                         10 ¯ ¹ m               decimeter              deci                d
   0.01                       10 ¯ ²  m              centimeter             Centi               c
   0.001                     10 ¯ ³  m              millimeter               milli                m
   0.000001               10 ¯ m               micrometer             micro              ?

LARGE NUMBERS:
Number.              Standard Form.         Name.               Prefix.            Symbol
   10.                          10 ¹ m.              Decametre.            Deca.               D
   100.                        10 ²  m.             Hectometer.           Hecto.              h
   1000.                      10 ³ m.             Kilometer.              Kilo.                 K
   1000000.                10m              mega meter.            Mega.              M

NUMBERS IN STANDARD FORM
Numbers in standard form are written in the general form of A x 10¯ᵇ
Where A represent a negative or positive number from zero and above while b is the power to which 10 is raised. b can be negative or positive.

Examples of Numbers in Standard Form:
  i ) 2 x 10 ¯ ³.     (ii)  4.12 x 10      (iii) 12.54 x 10¯⁴.   (iv)  200 x 10  and so on.

NUMBERS IN ORDINARY FORM:
Our usual way or writing numbers are the ordinary forms of numbers.
Examples are: 1.234,    4.5426 ,   0.2903 , 0.005426, 23478, 10000, etc are numbers in their ordinary forms.

Changing Numbers in standard Form to Ordinary Form:
2.5 x 10¯ ⁵  = 2.5 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10.  = 2.5 x 100000. = 250000
0.0123 x 10¯ ⁷   = (123÷10000) x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
                         = (123÷10000) x 10000000 = 123000
5.23 x 10¯ ⁵       = 5.23 x (1 ÷ 10¯ ) = 5.23 x (1 ÷ 100000) = 5.23 ÷ 100000
                         = 0.0000523¯ ¹

EXERCISE:
Change the following numbers in standard form to their ordinary forms:
  i12.54 x 10 ³.        0.0234 x 10       0.54 x 10     542.7 x 10
3.23 x 10^~5.        63.43 x 10 ¯ .       546 x 10¯ ⁹ .      0.45 x 10¯¹² 

Change the following numbers to standard form:
0.00564.     234576.           2.345.         0.6573.        124357.     20045

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